dr:mohamed eldondity
المدير
عدد المساهمات : 145
نقاط : 444
تاريخ التسجيل : 11/08/2009
 |  موضوع: @ LIFE STORY OF MOHAMED PBUH PART 21 @ THE TREATY OF HUDAYBIYAH  الخميس سبتمبر 10, 2009 12:49 pm | |
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The Treaty Of Hudaybiyah
Quraysh had tried to destroy Islam but had failed. The
number of Muslims grew and their armies increased from three
hundred at the battle of Badr, seven hundred at the battle of
"Uhud, to three thousand at the battle of the Trench. After the
annual fast of Ramadan, the Prophet (pbuh) had a dream,
which indicated that the Muslims should go to Mecca for the
pilgrimage. One thousand and four hundred Muslims got ready
to go with him on the Lesser Pilgrimage called 'the `Umra'.
They dressed in white and went unarmed to show Quraysh
that they had come to make the pilgrimage and not to fight.
When Quraysh heard that the Prophet (pbuh) was on his way,
they sent troops with Khalid Ibn al-Walid to stop the Muslims
from entering the city. To avoid meeting this small army the
Prophet (pbuh) changed his route and led the men through
rugged mountain passes. When they reached easier ground he
told them, 'Say, we ask Allah's forgiveness and we repent
towards Him 'At Hudaybiyah, south of Mecca, the Prophet's
camel knelt down and refused to go any further. The Muslims
thought she was either stubborn or tired, but the Prophet
(pbuh) said: 'The same power that once stopped the elephant
from entering Mecca is now stopping us!' He then ordered
them to make camp, which they did, although they all hoped
they would travel on to the sacred Ka'bah the following day.
On setting up camp, the believers were dismayed to find
that the springs were almost dry. When he heard this the
Messenger of Allah (pbuh) instructed a man called Najiyah to
take the bowl of water in which he had performed his
ablutions, pour it into the hollows where the small amount of
spring water lay, and stir it with his arrows. Najiyah did as he
was told and the fresh water gushed up so suddenly that he
was hardly able to get out of the way in time.
Messengers were sent to Quraysh to tell them that the
Muslims had come only for the pilgrimage, to worship Allah at
the Holy Ka'bah, and that they wanted to enter the city
peacefully. But Quraysh took no notice. Finally, the Prophet's
son-in-law, 'Uthman Ibn Affan, a wise and respected man, was
chosen to go, and the Muslims settled down to wait and see
what news he would bring back. After they had waited a long
time, the Muslims became very worried. At last they decided
that he must have been killed. A state similar to that of
Revelation then came upon the Prophet (pbuh). He gathered
the Muslims around him under an acacia tree and asked them
to swear their allegiance to him, which they did. This pact,
which is mentioned in the Koran, became known as the Treaty
of Radwan (which means Paradise). Shortly after, `Uthman
Ibn Affan returned and the Muslims were relieved to see that
no harm had come to him. Some Meccan warriors tried to
attack the Muslim camp but were captured and brought before
the Prophet (pbuh), who forgave them when they promise to
stop attacking the Muslims. Soon after this, official
messengers came from Quraysh and talks began for a peaceful
settlement. A man called Suhayl ibn 'Amr was sent by the
Meccans to work out a treaty. When the Prophet (pbuh) asked
'Ali to write 'In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most
Merciful', on the top of the page, Suhayl objected, saying
'Write only: bismik Allahumma (in Thy name, 0 Allah). I don't
know him as al-Rahman (the Most Gracious), al-Rahim (the
most Merciful).' The Prophet (pbuh) agreed and dictated: 'This
is a treaty between Muhammad the Messenger of Allah and
Suhayl ibn 'Amr.''Stop!' cried Suhayl, 'I don't believe that you
are Rasulallah (the Messenger of Allah). If I thought you were
Allah's Messenger, I wouldn't be fighting against you, would I?'
Calmly, the Prophet (pbuh) agreed that he should be referred
to in the treaty as Muhammad', son of 'Abd Allah. The Muslims
were very upset at this, and 'Umar furiously cried out, 'Are you
not Allah's Messenger, and are we not Muslims? How can we
accept such treatment when we are right and they are wrong?
This will make people laugh at our religion!' But the Prophet
(pbuh) knew what was best and the Treaty of Hudaybiyah was
signed.
In this treaty the two sides agreed to stop fighting for a
period often years. It was also agreed that the Muslims should
go back to Medinah immediately but that they could return the
following year for the pilgrimage. This pilgrimage would last
three days. In addition, the treaty allowed Muslims wishing to
leave Islam and return to Mecca to do so.
It also permitted Meccans to leave and become Muslims
provided they had the permission of their guardians. The
Muslims agreed to send any Meccan who did not have their
guardian's permission back to Mecca.
Suhayl's son had come with his father with the idea of
joining the Prophet (pbuh) but when the treaty was signed he
was, of course, forced to return to Mecca. He cried bitterly.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, '0 Abu Jandal, be patient and control
yourself. Allah will provide relief and find a way out for you
and others like you.'
The majority of the Muslims were very disappointed when
they heard the terms of the agreement and thought that it
should not have been accepted. They did not realize that this
was in fact a great victory for the Prophet (pbuh), which Allah
would later confirm in a Revelation. The agreement made sure
that the following year they would enter Mecca peacefully, and
in time would result in Muslims becoming stronger and more
respected throughout Arabia. At the time the treaty was
signed the Muslims could not have foreseen that the number
of people who would travel to Medinah to become Muslims in
following year would be greater than in all the years before.
Before the Muslims departed, they followed the Prophet's
example of making sacrifice and either shaving or cutting their
hair. Even though they were unable to visit the sacred
mosque, their pilgrimage was accepted by Allah because it had
been their true intention.
On the return journey to Medinah, the 'Victory' chapter of
the Koran was revealed to the Prophet (pbuh). It begins:
In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
“Surely We have given thee (0 Muhammad) a clear victory,
That Allah may forgive thee of thy sin That which is past and
that which is to come, And may complete His blessings upon
thee, And may guide thee on the right path, And that Allah
may help thee with mighty help”. (Koran xlviii.1-3)
Now most of those who left Mecca to join the Prophet
(pbuh) without the consent of their guardians and were turned
back by him as agreed, Did not in fact return to Mecca, but
lived instead in groups along the seashore. Then they were
joined by others who had left Mecca but these groups began to
endanger Quraysh caravans which were passing by and
disrupted their trade because of this, Quraysh told the Prophet
(pbuh) that if he wanted to take these new Muslims, they
would not ask for them to be returned. The young men,
therefore, joined the Prophet (pbuh) and the people in Mecca
and Medinah grew more at ease with one another. The young
men from the seashore were shortly followed by those Muslims
who were still living in Abyssinia, and soon the numbers of
believers in Medinah had doubled.
About this time, Khalid Ibn al-Walid, the great warrior who
had defeated the Muslims at Uhud, set out from Mecca for
Medinah. Along the way he met 'Amr Ibn al-'As, the clever
speaker who had pursued the Muslims when they fled to
Abyssinia. 'Amr, who had attempted to find asylum in
Abyssinia, had just returned from that country, the Negus
having urged him to enter Islam. He asked Khalid, 'Where are
you going?' Khalid replied, 'The way has become clear. The
man is certainly a Prophet, and by Allah, I am going to become
a Muslim. How much longer should I delay?' 'Amr Ibn al-As
answered, 'I am travelling for the same reason. So they both
traveled on to Medinah to join the Prophet(pbuh). The two
men were, however, worried about meeting the Prophet
(pbuh) because of having fought against the Muslims in the
past.
Therefore, 'Amr came before Allah's Messenger he said, 'O
Prophet, will my past faults be forgiven and no mention made
of what has gone before?' The Prophet (pbuh) replied, 'Amr,
Islam wipes away everything that happened before, as does
the hijrah.'
A year after the signing of the Treaty of Hudaybiyah, the
Prophet (pbuh) was able to lead two thousand pilgrims on the
'Umra. Quraysh vacated Mecca and watched the rites from the
hills above the city. The agreed period of three days was
observed, after which the Muslims returned to Medinah.
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